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Chapel of The Holy Spirit

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Chapel of The Holy Spirit

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The Church of the Holy Spirit, known locally as Kappella tal-Ispirtu s-Santu, is a notable Baroque-style Roman Catholic church situated in Żejtun, Malta. Its rich history and architectural significance make it a prominent landmark in the region.

Historical Background

The inception of the Church of the Holy Spirit dates back to November 21, 1618, when Giovanni Cassar bequeathed a parcel of land specifically for the construction of a church dedicated to the Holy Spirit. The actual edifice was erected in 1688, following designs by the esteemed Maltese architect Lorenso Gafà. Between 1788 and 1798, the church underwent substantial restructuring, resulting in its current form. Notably, during this renovation, the church’s façade was repositioned, reversing the original front and back orientations. Additionally, it was constructed atop a crypt, distinguishing it as the sole church in Żejtun with such a feature.

Construction Details

While specific financial records of the construction are not readily available, the involvement of Lorenzo Gafà suggests a project of considerable importance, given his prominence in Maltese architecture. The Baroque architectural style is evident in the church’s design, characterised by a Greek Cross layout. The 18th-century restructuring presented challenges, including the reorientation of the façade, which required meticulous planning and execution to preserve the church’s structural integrity and aesthetic appeal.

Cultural and Religious Significance

The Church of the Holy Spirit has played a pivotal role in the spiritual life of Żejtun’s residents. It has been a center for various religious activities and traditions, contributing significantly to the town’s cultural heritage. The church’s dedication to the Holy Spirit underscores its importance in local religious practices, serving as a focal point for community gatherings and spiritual observances.

Present-Day Context

Currently, the Church of the Holy Spirit remains an active place of worship within the Archdiocese of Malta. It continues to host regular services and is maintained by the local parish authorities. While detailed records of recent restorations are scarce, the church’s well-preserved state indicates ongoing efforts to conserve its historical and architectural integrity.

Unique Stories or Legends

While there are no widely documented legends specifically associated with the Church of the Holy Spirit, its unique feature of being built atop a crypt adds an element of intrigue. This crypt has historically served as a burial site, adding a layer of solemnity and historical depth to the church’s narrative.

Visual and Artistic Features

The interior of the church is adorned with significant artworks. Above the high altar, a painting from the 17th or 18th century depicts the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles during Pentecost. Flanking this central piece are two additional paintings: one illustrating the Archangel Raphael with Tobias, and the other portraying St. Jude the Apostle. The church houses three altars; the side altars are dedicated to Our Lady of the Pillar and Our Lady of Sorrows. The former features a statue crafted by Marjamu Gerada, while the latter includes a painting by Toussaints Busuttil, dating to 1945.

In summary, the Church of the Holy Spirit in Żejtun stands as a testament to the town’s rich religious and cultural heritage. Its historical significance, architectural features, and enduring role in the community underscore its importance as a cherished landmark in Malta.

Lorenzo Gafà: The Mastermind Behind Malta’s Baroque Splendour

Lorenzo Gafà (1639–1703) was a prominent Maltese Baroque architect and sculptor, renowned for his significant contributions to Malta’s architectural heritage. Born in Birgu to stone carver Marco Gafà and his wife Veronica, Lorenzo began his career as a stone carver alongside his father and his elder brother, Melchiorre, who later became a distinguished sculptor. Although there is no definitive evidence that Lorenzo studied architecture abroad, it is possible that he apprenticed under the Italian architect Francesco Buonamici during Buonamici’s residence in Malta.

By the early 1660s, Gafà had developed a keen interest in architectural design. His early works include involvement in the choir of the Church of St. Philip in Żebbuġ (1661) and the design of altars in the churches of Santa Scolastica and the Annunciation in Birgu. He also designed the altar of the Church of St. Nicholas in Valletta. Gafà’s architectural portfolio is extensive, with notable works including:

St. Paul’s Cathedral, Mdina: After the original cathedral was damaged in the 1693 Sicily earthquake, Gafà was commissioned to design a new structure. Construction took place between 1696 and 1705, resulting in a masterpiece of Baroque architecture that was consecrated on October 8, 1702.

Cathedral of the Assumption, Victoria, Gozo: Built between 1697 and 1711, this cathedral is renowned for its remarkable trompe l’oeil painting on the flat ceiling, creating the illusion of a dome.

Church of St. Lawrence, Birgu: Constructed between 1681 and 1697, this church exemplifies Roman Baroque architecture and served as the conventual church of the Order of St. John before the completion of St. John’s Co-Cathedral in Valletta.

Church of St. Catherine, Żejtun: Initiated in 1692, this church showcases Gafà’s architectural prowess and is considered one of the most interesting Baroque churches in Malta.

In addition to his ecclesiastical projects, Gafà designed several secular buildings, including Villa Bichi in Kalkara (1675) and the Palace of the General of the Galleys in Birgu (before 1695). His work significantly influenced the spread of Baroque architecture throughout Malta, leaving an indelible mark on the island’s cultural and architectural landscape. Lorenzo Gafà passed away on February 16, 1703, at the age of 64, but his legacy endures through the numerous structures that continue to define Malta’s architectural heritage.

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